Work Adjustment Model 
an 
Integrated
Learning/Skill Building Approach 
to
Developing a Career Pathway

Department of Juvenile Justice
Commonwealth of Kentucky
                                  1025 Capital Center Drive
Frankfort, KY 40601
  (502) 573-2738
Fax: (502) 573-0307

Developed by

Mary L. Salsman 
Department of Juvenile Justice
Quality Assurance Branch  Managaer

Sylvia  L. Kuster
Department of Juvenile Justice
Quality Assurance Branch
Curriculum Specialist

Department of Juvenile Justice
Education Branch

Version 2.0
June   2005

                                                                         

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I.  Artistic:  Literary arts, visual arts, performing arts, drama, dance, craft arts, modeling.

Occupations in this group involve:  Writing, editing, directing, painting, drawing, photography, playing musical instruments, dancing, fabricating art objects, decorating, etc.

Worker traits include:  An interest in the creative expression of feeling or ideas

Skills and Abilities include: 
  1. Knowledge of rules of grammar 
  2. Extensive vocabulary 
  3. Writing creatively 
  4. Ability to attract attention and/or influence
      opinions 
  5. Decision making
  6. Familiarity with artistic principles, 
      techniques, and color tones 
  7. Spatial perception 
  8. Poise and self confidence
  9. Memorizing 
10. Voice inflection 
11. Conveying ideas and emotions through body
      movements 

Classroom Activities that foster the development of necessary skills and abilities and allow for exploration within this work group may include: 
•	Writing portfolios
•	Journalizing
•	Oral classroom presentations
•	Participate in writing, directing, and/or acting in a dramatization or play
•	Identify and exhibit nonverbal communication
•	Develop a facility newsletter
•	Field trip to River Park Center for plays and cultural activities
•	Computer pen pal
•	Letter exchange with other classrooms
•	Parent newsletter
•	Student brochure
•	Student video
•	Develop, create, construct and maintain  bulletin boards throughout the facility
•	Career exploration in artistic career field

2

•	Draw and use paint on computers
•	Write letters to community worker, judge, family, and friends
•	Field trips
•	Study classic plays/literature
•	Use Print Shop on computer for signs and ads
•	Illustrate book covers/posters
•	Participate in photography class
•	Participate in art class during school
	
Facility and Community Activities that allow for exploration within this work group and foster the development of a CAREER PATHWAY may include:
•	Participate in Work Place
•	Participate in a talent contest
•	Video record facility activities
•	Design and landscape facility grounds
•	Perform in a Christmas Play
•	Help design costumes and stage set for the Christmas play
•	Announce or emcee at ball game or facility gathering
•	Tour guides around facilities
•	Talk to groups at facilities
•	Speak to civic groups
•	View dramatic presentations performed by community groups
•	Attend plays in the community

Other Successful Classroom Activities:

Other Successful Facility and Community Activities: 

                                                                     

                                                            

						

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II. Scientific:  Life Sciences, Medical Sciences, and Laboratory Technology

Occupations in this group involve: conducting scientific study of living and non-living things; applying knowledge of mathematics, physics, or chemistry; investigating, discovering, and testing theories; researching in such fields as geology, astronomy, oceanography and computer science; determining environmental impact on plant and animal life, disease origins, and disease control; diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of human and animal diseases, disorders, or injuries; use of laboratory techniques and equipment to perform tests or experiments. 

Worker Traits Include:  An interest in discovering, collecting, and analyzing information about the natural world, and in applying scientific research findings to problems in medicine, the life sciences, and the natural sciences.

Skills and Abilities include:
1. Use of logic and/ or scientific knowledge
2. Understanding, interpreting, and 
	    expressing complex, technical, and 
	    scientific information 
3. Determining differences in texture,
	    color, shape, and size of objects 
4. Decision making
5. Interpreting and reporting technical and
     scientific data 
6. Staying cool and calm during
     emergencies
7. Following technical instructions
8. Use math skills in metric and/or English units to
     count and/or measure objects  

Classroom Activities that foster the development of necessary skills and abilities and allow for exploration within this work group may include:
•	Conduct scientific experiments
•	Do research on the Internet.
•	Plan and participate in field trips to Planetarium,
   Zoo, Fish Hatchery, Cave System, Wolf Creek 
   Dam, etc.
•	Make a list of personal life-style changes that
   would have a positive effect on the environment
•	Learn, identify, and record plants and animal
                                                                           4
   
    associated with surrounding Eco-system
•	Collect and identify insects/plants
•	Journal daily food intake and determine nutritional
   value, caloric value, etc.
•	Use Journey North – a collaboration of vocational
   education and technology
•	Participate in Vocational horticulture class
•	Career exploration in scientific career field
•	Study introduction to anatomy
•	Interpret data using spread sheets
•	Participate in water watch program
•	Use microscope
•	Participate in the Oceanography Thematic Unit
•	Field trip to Louisville Science Center 
•	Study environmental studies (ecology, recycling)
•	Study inventions, discoveries
•	Study space explorations
	
Facility and Community Activities that allow for exploration within this work group and foster the development of a CAREER PATHWAY may include: 
•	Participate in Workplace Principles
•	Assess the facility grounds and buildings for
   environmental hazards; make a plan of correction.
•	Assume responsibility for facility pets.
•	Become certified in CPR and First Aid.
•	Participate in environmental clean-up projects to  
   protect natural environment.
•	Plan and participate in an environmental study
   camping trip.
•	Plan and participate in mock disaster drills and
   severe weather-related evacuation plans.
•	Assistance with homework and special classroom 
   projects.
•	Watching discovery channel.
•	Assisting with horticulture activities.
•	View presentations by facility nurse.
•	Participate in presentations by professors.
•	Participate in culinary arts.

                                                                                

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Educational trips (Falls of Ohio, Louisville Science Center, and Northern Kentucky Aquarium, Airport)
•	Speakers from the community 

Other Successful Classroom Activities:

Other Successful Facility and Community Activities: 

                                                            

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 III. Plants and Animals:  Managerial Work General Supervision, Animal Training 
and Services, Elemental Work
	
Occupations in this group involve:  Performing physical manual work associated with farming, ranching, forestry and game preservation, fish cultivating, commercial fishing, horticultural, agricultural services; management and supervision in related operations; care, training, or conditioning various kinds of animals

Worker Traits Include:  An interest in working with plants and animals, usually outdoors

Skills and Abilities Required Include:  
1. Applying knowledge and techniques to plan
   and direct activities associated with
   growing, breeding and caring for plants and
   animals 
2. Keeping financial and production records
   and reports 
3. Working outdoors
4. Overseeing, negotiating or dealing with
    people in different work situations 
5. Engaging in manual work
6. Using tools and equipment 
7. Engaging in physical work to keep
    surroundings (such as pet shops, zoos,
    circuses, aquariums, and racing stables)
    clean
8. Following instructions
	
Classroom Activities that foster the development of necessary skills and abilities and allow for exploration within this work group may include: 
•	Field trips to zoo, kennels, animal shelter,
   fish hatchery, etc.
•	Make a list of personal life-style changes
   that would have a positive effect of the
   environment
•	Learn, identify and record plants and
   wildlife associated with surrounding eco
   -system
•	Collect and identify plants and insects
•	Plan an environmental study camping trip
•	Use computer software to design an area to
   be landscaped

                                                              

					

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•	Attend Horticulture class career exploration in the plant and animal career field
•	Design a plot for landscaping using
	   graph paper
•	Take introduction to Biology
•	Operate and maintain compost pile
•	Discuss animals in class/classes and their
         care
•	Learn to identify trees and plants
•	Learn cost of producing a product
•	Look into being a veterinarian and/or a
       veterinarian assistant for a career
•	Take a community based education class

Facility and Community Activities that allow for exploration within this work group and foster the development of a CAREER PATHWAY may include: 
•	Participate in Workplace Principles
•	Participate in formal Vocational Training
•	Work in greenhouse
•	Participate in an environmental study camping trip
•	Participate in environmental clean-up projects to
   protect natural environment.
•	Assume responsibility for the care of the facility
   pet
•	Do volunteer work at an animal shelter
•	Work in a garden
•	Grounds maintenance
•	Participate in feeding and care of pets and live
   stock
•	Participate in community maintenance of ground
   at public buildings
•	Purchase a pet and take care of it.
•	Participate in facility maintenance
•	Participate in facility gardening project
•	Participate in presentations by Louisville Zoo staff
•	Learn to use gardening and landscaping tools
•	Community based education class

Other Successful Classroom Activities:

Other Successful Facility and Community Activities:
					
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IV. Protective: Safety and Law Enforcement, Security Services

Occupations in this group involve: Activities concerned with enforcement of laws and safety regulations; investigation of violations; protecting people, animals, and physical property from injury, danger, theft, and vandalism

Worker Traits include: An interest in using authority to protect people and property

Skills and Abilities:
  1. Knowledge of safety rules, laws, and/or
      regulations
  2.	Using tact and courtesy to work and deal
	   with people
  3.	Knowledge of rules and/or grammar
  4.	Decision making
  5.	Poise and self confidence
  6.	Staying cool and calm during emergencies
  7. Following technical instructions
  8. Use of tools and/or equipment
  9.	Write technical reports
10. Read meters, and/or dials, etc.
11. Move and lift weights
12. Knowledge/applying principles of 
       mathematics

Classroom Activities that foster the development of necessary skills and abilities and allow for exploration within this work group may include: 

•	Studying Kentucky Driver’s Manual
•	Learn and practice safety rules associated
          with the facility or program; explain the
    necessity for these rules
•	Career exploration in protective career field
•	Follow all school rules
•	Learn safety rules in vocational classes
•	View safety requirement films
•	Participate in health class
•	Study personal development/interpersonal skills
•	Research security jobs and related fields on computer
•	Invite speakers to the classroom who hold such jobs
•	Plan and participate in disaster drills have guest speakers on different safety careers

 
                                                                        9
Facility and Community Activities that allow for exploration within this work group and foster the development of a CAREER PATHWAY may include: 

•	Participate in Workplace Principles
•	Become certified in CPR and First Aid 
•	Become a camp council member
•	Plan and participate in mock disaster drills and severe weather-related evacuations
•	Acquaint new group members with information in facility orientation packet
•	Become a resident sponsor
•	Demonstrate honesty
•	Respect staff and peers
•	Follow rules and encourage peers to follow rules
•	Become familiar with material safety data sheets and hazardous responses
•	Participate in disaster drills
•	Participate in presentations by law enforcement and safety personnel
•	Invite a nurse to teach general health issues
•	Invite officer from police department to be a guest speaker

Other Successful Classroom Activities:

Other Successful Facility and Community Activities: 

						

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V.  Mechanical:  Engineering; Managerial work; Mechanical; Engineering technology; Air and water vehicle operation; Craft technology; Systems operation; Quality control; Crafts; Land and water vehicle operation; Materials control; Equipment operation; Elemental work; Mechanical

Occupations in this group involve:
Planning, designing and directing the building of structures; managing industrial plants or systems; collection, recording and coordination of technical information in such activities as surveying, drafting; transporting passengers and cargo by controlling movement of aircraft, ships, boats; performing highly skilled hand or machine operations utilizing special techniques; training and experience in constructions sites, machine shops, manufacturing and processing plants; operating and maintaining equipment associated with providing electrical, water, gas, telephone, etc. service to subscribers; inspecting and/or testing materials and products for conformance to established standards; driving trucks, vans, automobiles, locomotives, ambulances, motorboats to move materials, deliver products, transport sick or injured people

Worker Traits include: An interest in applying mechanical principles to practical situations by use of machines or hand tools.

Skills and Abilities:
  1. Knowing and applying principles of
       mathematics, geometry and engineering 
  2. Forming mental images of objects or
      structures
  3. Rendering drawings, designs and/or layouts
  4. Using charts, blueprints and/or plans 
  5. Using numbers to plan budgets 
  6. Writing technical reports 
  7. Making decisions 
  8. Directing work of others
  9. Reacting to emergencies 
10. Making decisions and judgments affecting
     passenger safety 
11. Calculate object dimensions, material
	  amounts needed, and/or material costs 
12. Use hand tools or machines to 
	  construct, make, or repair objects
13. Read meters, dials and gauges 

						           

                                                                                     

    

							 11
14. Determine quality, grade, and workmanship
15. Eye, hand and finger coordination	

Classroom Activities that foster the development of necessary skills and abilities and allow for exploration within this work group may include: 
•	Participate in mathematics class
•	Math in Minds Eye series
•	Apply concepts to various principles
•	Field trips to technical colleges
•	Do hands on projects during class
•	Participate in maintenance and renovation
          of facility buildings
•	Participate in consumer math
•	Use computer programs that construct
          buildings on paper
•	Figure out number of nails and 
          other materials needed for a job and cost
•	Draw and/or make model of pyramids
•	Demonstrate function of pulley and lever
•	Participate in building and apartment maintenance
          class
•	Algebra and general math classes

Facility and Community Activities that allow for exploration within this work group and foster the development of a CAREER PATHWAY may include: 
•	Participate in Workplace Principles
•	Participate in formal vocational training
•	Participate in Work Experience Program
•	Participate in maintenance and renovation of
   facility buildings, heating/air, electrical and 
   pluming systems
•	Strip, wax, and buff floors
•	Use and assist in the maintenance of lawn
   equipment and machinery
•	Contract with maintenance to do work projects
•	Inventory stock
•	Stock kitchen food
•	Make safety films
•	Speakers
Other Successful Classroom Activities:

Other Successful Facility and Community Activities: 

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VI. Industrial:   Production Technology; Production work; Quality Control, Elemental Work; and Industrial 

Occupations in this group will involve: Setting up and operating machines; Inspecting, testing, weighing, grading, and sorting products according to quality standards; feed or tend machines and equipment; use tools to do precision work; assist skilled workers usually in an industrial setting

Worker traits include: An interest in repetitive, concrete, organized activities done in a factory setting

Skills and Abilities:
1.	Read blueprints, wiring diagrams, and other
       work specifications
2.	Follow oral and/or written instructions
3.	Eye, hand and finger coordination
4.	Use math skills to count and/or measure objects 
      and/or keep inspection records
5.	Perform repetitious uncomplicated work
6.	Follow simple directions
7.	Observe safety rules
8.	Move or lift varying weights

Classroom Activities that foster the development of necessary skills and abilities and allow for exploration within this work group may include: 

•	Study blueprint reading
•	Learn the metric system
•	Learn functional math
•	Enroll in building trades vocational education
       program
•	Become familiar with material safety data sheet
•	Become familiar with personal protection
       equipment
•	Learn how to use a tape measure
•	Do maintenance at facility (hands-on)
•	Learn basic measurements in consumer math
•	Study/research technological developments
             in the industrial field
•	Study weights and measurements
•	Participate in a field trip to factory
•	Invite speakers to class from UPS, Porter Paint,
       etc.
•	Study safety tests in auto mechanics and
      horticulture

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•	Discuss OSHA
•	Assemble a product using provided instructions.
•	Check materials against an invoice.

Facility and Community Activities that allow for explorations within this wok group and foster the development of a CAREER PATHWAY may include:
•	Participate in Workplace Principles
•	Participate in formal Vocational Training
•	Stock dry and frozen food supplies
•	Participate in field trip to manufacturing companies
•	Operate commercial dishwater
•	Participate in custodial work relating to classroom and cottage maintenance and clean up
•	Clean-up football stadium
•	Paint the interior and exterior of buildings
•	Tour local manufacturers 
•	Participate in presentations by industrial company representatives
•	Take field trips to UPS, etc.

Other Successful Classroom Activities:

Other Successful Facility and Community Activities: 

                                                                       

                                                                          
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VII. Business Detail:  Administrative Detail; Mathematical Detail; Financial Detail; Oral Communications; Clerical Machine Operations; Clerical Handling

Occupations in this group involve: Overseeing and carrying out office operations; applying clerical and administrative skills; computing and keeping numerical information and records; using basic math skills; handling money; giving and receiving information; preparing, reviewing, filing, routing, and distributing recorded information; scheduling activities of people

Worker traits include: An interest in organized, clearly defined activities requiring accuracy and attention to details, primarily in an office setting

Skills and Abilities: 
1.	Plan own or others’ work program
2.	Perform clerical functions
3.	Operate office equipment 
4.	Proof copy to correct errors in spelling,
   grammar and punctuation
5.	Speak distinctly 
6.	Know and use basic math skills to
   compute costs of items purchased to make
   change
7.	Deal tactfully and courteously with the
   public

Classroom Activities that foster the development of necessary skills and abilities and allow for exploration within this work group may include: 

•	Take a Consumer Math class
•	Listen to guest speakers from local businesses
•	Do research on Internet
•	Use computers and other office equipment
•	Learn about budgeting
•	Learn about banking
•	Take computer operation training
•	Have instruction in business English
•	Participate in mock interviews
•	Learn basic accounting/record keeping skills
•	Participate in public speaking/oral presentations
•	Invite a speaker from the clerical profession
•	Practice taking notes as a contest
•	Participate in peer tutoring for computer class

						  
                                                                        15

•	Make a budget in life skills class
•	Set up career day
•	Guest speakers
•	Life Skills/Personal business
•	Basic Economics

Facility and Community Activities that allow for exploration within this work group and foster the development of a CAREER PATHWAY may include:

•	Participate in Workplace Principles
•	Participate in formal Vocational Training
•	Assist with facility record keeping responsibilities
•	Participate in moneymaking projects for facility
    activities
•	Use calculators
•	Take part in off campus outings
•	Keep records and dates of meetings and
   counseling
•	Participate in presentations by local business
    representatives
•	Participate as camp youth and council member
•	Under supervision, use office
    machinery/equipment
•	Take customer orders at horticulture/green house
•	Take notes at youth meetings and hold a position
•	Do filing for vocational coordinator
•	Make copies
•	Assist with payroll for work experience
•	Inventory canteen
•	Coordinate car washes/bake sales/yard sales

Other Successful Classroom Activities:

Other Successful Facility and Community Activities: 

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VIII. Selling:  Sales Technology; General Sales;
Vending

Occupations in this group include: Selling manufactured materials, industrial machinery, and equipment, securities, insurance, services, merchandise, advertising, and real estate; selling novelties, snacks, and other low-priced items in amusement or recreation areas

Worker traits include: An interest in bringing others to a particular point of view by personal persuasion, using sales and promotional techniques

Skills and Abilities: 
1.	Application of knowledge of product to be
   sold 
2.	Discuss features of products or services 
   to gain trust and confidence of potential 
   buyers 
3.	Compute costs, markups and profit 	margins
4.	Prepare sales contracts and purchase orders 
5.	Find errors in figures or wording in sales
   documents 
6.	Make change and compute percentages 
7.	Record keeping 
8.	Talk easily and persuasively to people 
9.	Be physically active and alert.

Classroom Activities that foster the development of necessary skills and abilities and allow for exploration within this work group may include: 

•	Learn functional math
•	Give oral presentations using persuasion 
   techniques
•	Practice making change
•	Sell horticulture products
•	Study career field in sales and marketing
•	Watch films on dealing with customers
•	Practice record keeping
•	Participate in economics class
•	Participate in consumer math
•	Participate in introduction to business
•	Practice public speaking
•	Create posters/advertisements for products

								

                                                                   

17
•	Compute in math class percentage for salary, sales, etc.
•	Have a real estate person speak as well as car salesman
•	Conduct bake sales
•	Make a commercial, billboard, and write sales ads for the newspaper
•	Sell flowers from green house

Facility and Community Activities that allow for exploration within this work group and foster the development of a CAREER PATHWAY may include:
•	Participate in Workplace Principles
•	Learn and practice being appropriately persuasive during treatment teams, etc.
•	Sell plants/vegetables from greenhouse or garden
•	Participate in fundraisers
•	Explain to public what plants they are purchasing
•	Explore the different areas of selling
•	Express one self clearly during treatment team
•	Communicate positively with peers and staff
•	Keep accurate records for work habits 
•	Keep accurate records for canteen
•	Contract for different jobs and responsibilities
•	Take notes at youth council meetings
•	Make a price list for canteen
•	Perform KP duties
•	Inventory canteen
•	Make an ad for sale items in canteen
•	Advertise new items in canteen

Other Successful Classroom Activities:

Other Successful Facility and Community Activities: 

						

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IX. Accommodating: Passenger Services; Customer Services; Hospitality Services; Barber/Beauty Services; Attendant Services

Occupations in this group involve: Assisting people (visitors, travelers, or customers) in adjusting to unfamiliar settings; providing escort and guide services to points of interest; planning and directing social and recreational activities; greeting and seating restaurant patrons; insuring the safety and comfort of patrons during travel or vacation; providing people with services associated with the care and/or treatment of the hair, skin, and nails; driving buses, taxis, limousines, or other vehicles to transport people on land; teaching others to drive; providing customers with various services such as serving food, renting articles, etc.; deferring to patron and/or customer requests, such as opening doors, delivering messages, checking in and carrying out baggage, giving massages and manicures

Worker traits include: An interest in catering to the wishes and needs of others usually on a one-to-one basis

Skills and Abilities: 
     1. Talking easily with people 
     2. Using judgment and reasoning in coping
	   with emergencies 
     3. Directing and/or participating in
	 recreational and/or social activities 
     4. Applying knowledge of hair and/or skin care
         and treatment 
     5. Interpreting instructions presented in oral, 
	  written or graphic form 
	  6. Applying reasoning, knowledge of traffic
	      rules and driving skills to operate vehicles 
         or instruct others 
	  7. Judging distances and/or speeds to avoid
	      accidents 
	  8. Reading traffic signs 
	  9. Following instructions involving time
	      schedules, use of meters, and routes
	10.	Counting money and/or keeping fare records 
	11.	Using common sense and basic language
		and math skills to carry out instructions
		total costs, make change, and fill out forms 
	12.	Getting along with all types of people

                                                                       

                                                                            

19

Classroom Activities that foster the development of necessary skills and abilities and allow for exploration within this work group may include: 

•	Become a peer tutor
•	Plan recreational activities
•	Participate in Culinary Arts instruction
•	Prepare meal in kitchen
•	Explore accommodations career field
•	Participate in health class
•	Volunteer as peer tutor/teacher’s aid
•	Prepare public speech/oral presentation
•	Study Kentucky’s Drivers manual
•	Be a team leader in vocational class
•	Invite hotel workers, bus drivers, barbers, food 
    workers to speak to class
•	Perform KP duties
•	Watch and test on kitchen safety video
•	Participate in cultural arts activities

Facility and Community Activities that allow for exploration within this work group and foster the development of a Career Pathway may include:

•	Participate in Workplace Principles
•	Participate in kitchen duties
•	Participate in recreational activities
•	Inventory and care for recreational equipment
•	Wash facility vehicles
•	Maintain tool room duties
•	Maintain clothing room and laundry duties
•	Participate in houseboat cleanup project
•	Assume responsibility for cleaning living quarters
•	Participate in community and civic volunteer
    projects
•	Adopt a family or elderly person at Christmas
    and/or time of need
•	Give tours of facility grounds
•	Help new residents learn camp rules
•	Perform culinary arts/KP duties
•	Participate in recreation/team sports
•	Give tour of the facility

                                                                                

                                                                                  20

•	Assist in planning recreational activities
•	Assist with recreation equipment
•	Participate in the nursing home bingo
•	Assist in serving meals 

Other Successful Classroom Activities:

Other Successful Facility and Community Activities: 

                                                                

                                                                           

 
 21
                                                        
X. Humanitarian: Social Services; Nursing; Therapy; Specialized Teaching Services; Child and Adult Care

Occupations in this group involve:  Assisting people in dealing with problems that are personal, social, vocational, physical, educational, or spiritual in nature; caring for, training, or treating people who are sick, injured, or handicapped to improve physical or emotional conditions; helping professionally trained medical personnel in attending to the physical needs and welfare of the sick, injured, elderly, young, or handicapped

Worker traits include:  An interest in helping others with their mental, spiritual, social, physical, or vocational needs. 

Skills and Abilities:
1.	Apply logic and special training to counsel individuals or assist them in defining and solving social, personal or other related problems
2.	Gain trust and/or confidence of people by demonstrating interest in and desire to help people
3.	Keep records and write investigative reports
4.	Communicate effectively with people
5.	Apply technical knowledge, common sense and special medical skills to care for or treat people who are sick or handicapped 
6.	Adapt quickly to emergency situations
7.	Use special skills in attending to needs of specific individuals or group
8.	Use equipment and instruments and collect medical data
9.	Read charts and/or graphs
10.	Interpret and/or report medical and/or scientific data

Classroom Activities that foster the development of necessary skills and abilities and allow for exploration within this work group may include: 
•	Become a peer tutor
•	Evaluate the facility and grounds for handicapped accessibility
•	Learn community resources

22
                                                           
•	Listen to guest speakers discussing community resources
•	Volunteer with Special Olympics at local level
•	Explore humanitarian career field
•	Volunteer as peer tutor/teacher’s aid
•	Practice interviewing skills
•	Study human relations/interpersonal skills
•	Study non-verbal communications
•	Invite speakers – nurses, counselors to speak to class
•	Journal about community experiences 

Facility and Community Activities that allow for exploration within this work group and foster the development of a CAREER PATHWAY may include: 

•	Participate in Workplace Principles
•	Adopt a family or elderly person at Christmas and/or time of need
•	Participate in group and individual counseling
•	Become a responsible group member
•	Discuss treatment goals with staff and residents
•	Participate in the development of individual treatment and after care plans
•	Learn to recognize when a group member needs help
•	Attend church services/volunteer to take part
•	Volunteer to do projects when there is a need
•	Help arrange school programs/presentations
•	Participate in Habitat for Humanity Project
•	Participate in Dare to Care
•	Visit nursing homes 

Other Successful Classroom Activities:

Other Successful Facility and Community Activities: 

                                                                         

 23

XI. Leading and Influencing: Mathematics and Statistics; Educational and Library Services; Social Research; Law; Business Administration; Finance; Services Administration; Communications; Promotion; Regulations; Enforcement; Business Management; Contracts and Claims

Occupation in this group involve: Solving problems, conducting research, processing and developing systems to handle information and interpret numerical data by applying knowledge of advanced mathematics and statistics; providing general and specialized teaching and vocational training in schools and colleges; advising in agricultural, home economics, and related extension work; offering library services to interested clientele; gathering, studying, and analyzing information associated with all aspects of individual, group or societal human behavior, including abnormalities, language, work, politics, lifestyle, and cultural expressions; applying judicial procedures in the practice of law; directing and working through lower level supervisors to establish policies, set priorities, and render decisions in administering or managing activities of establishments and agencies; accounting and auditing activities and records; planning and managing programs and projects in agencies that provide people with services in such areas as education, health, welfare, and recreation; writing, editing, reporting, and translating information for distribution by radio, television, newspapers, publishing houses, etc; raising money, advertising products and services, and influencing thoughts and actions of people; enforcing government regulations and company policies that affect the rights, health, safety, and finances of people; managing business establishments; negotiating contracts between buyers and sellers. 

Worker traits included:  An interest in leading and influencing others by using high-level verbal or numerical abilities. 

Skills and Abilities:
1.	Applying advanced logic and scientific thinking to solve complex problems
2.	Understanding symbolic language, computer technology, technical terms, charts and/or graphs in dealing with numerical and statistical data

					24
3.	Speak and write clearly and accurately
4.	Use judgment and known facts to make decisions
5.	Understand and apply basic teaching principles to specialized problems 
6.	Develop training materials
7.	Use organized systems for acquiring and maintaining collections of books and materials
8.	Apply research methods and theories to solve problems
9.	Write understandable reports to communicate ideas and information
10.	Understand, interpret, and apply legal vocabulary, procedures, principles, and laws
11.	Analyze, apply and interpret mathematical information
12.	Edit written materials
13.	Draw sketches to illustrate ideas
14.	Know and interpret regulations

Classroom Activities that foster the development of necessary skills and abilities and allow for exploration within this work group may include: 
•	Become a peer tutor 
•	Write and give oral classroom presentations
•	Explore leading and influencing 
   career field
•	Follow computer operation instructions
•	Develop math and introduction  to business skills
•	Participate in economics class
•	Perform public speaking/oral presentations
•	Make publicity flyers/advertisements
•	Proofread the school newsletter
•	Study introduction to accounting/book-keeping
•	Help in the school library
•	Keep a journal for the writing portfolio
•	Be on student/school council
•	Invite managers, advertisers, 
   Environmentalists to speak to class
•	Write ads editorials, 
    newspaper articles and portfolio piece
•	Study U.S. Government

25
•	Study the political process
•	Study Rights to Citizens
•	Participate in quick recall activities 

Facility and Community Activities that allow for exploration within this work group and foster the development of a CAREER PATHWAY may include: 
•	Participate in Workplace Principles
•	Act responsibly in group counseling
	sessions 
•	Become a responsible group member
•	Become a Camp Counsel member
•	Gain Contract Work Experience in the Work
   Program
•	Practice being appropriately persuasive in
    treatment team meetings
•	Participate in group counseling
•	Lead by example in group
•	Volunteer to chair/lead camp council meetings
•	Help plan recreational activities
•	Keep books for athletic contests
•	Emcee/announce a facility program or event
•	Lead facility tours
•	Present yourself appropriately in treatment team
•	Participate in church services at facility

Other Successful Classroom Activities:

Other Successful Facility and Community Activities: 

                                                                                

26
XII. Physical Performing: Sports; Physical Feats

Occupations in this group involve:  Competing in professional athletic events; recruiting and coaching individual and groups; officiating games; performing solo or with a group such as a circus, carnival, or rodeo to entertain people by displaying unusual or daring acts of physical strength or skill

Worker traits include:  An interest in physical activities such as sports or acrobatics performed before an audience

Skills and Abilities
1.	Know rules and specialty sport or game
2.	Teach specialty to individuals and groups
3.	Coordinate eyes, hands, body and foot 
       movement skillfully
4.	Demonstrate poise and confidence during a
       performance
5.	Risk physical injury
6.	Know and/or apply principles of mathematics
7.	Develop extensive vocabulary
8.	Perform basic principles of writing
9.	Memorizing movement
10.	Interpreting and or/writing instructions 
       presented in oral, written, and/or graphic forms
11.	Using special skills in attending to needs of 
	    specific individuals or groups
12.	Use equipment and/or instruments and/or 
	    collect data
13.	Understand physical wellness impacts 
	    mental wellness
14.  Develop goals and plans to enhance
       performance for individual groups

Classroom Activities that foster the development of necessary skills and abilities and allow for exploration within this work group may include:
•	Plan recreational activities 
•	Participate in athletic events
•	Plan a healthy diet
•	Research and report the dangers associated with
       steroids
•	Learn rules of games and procedures
•	Explore activities in physical performance career field

27
•	Study the relationship of health to physical performance
•	Study introduction to anatomy
•	Create fun games requiring physical activity
•	Learn to juggle
•	Use the Internet to research different sports
•	Study health related issues to different sports
•	Invite guest speakers to speak to class
•	Participate in intramural activities 

Facility and Community Activities that allow for exploration within this work group and foster the development of a CAREER PATHWAY may include: 
•	Participate in Workplace Principles
•	Participate in recreational activities
•	Umpire or referee facility sports events
•	Maintain a healthy diet
•	Participate in an exercise program
•	Engage in competitive activities
•	Participate in PE class
•	Participate in intramural/competitive team sports
•	Learn and follow rules of different sports
•	Participate in talent show
•	Participate in school plays/skits
•	Participate in chores/work activities 

Other Successful Classroom Activities:

Other Successful Facility and Community Activities: 

			
                                        28
CRITICAL VOCABULARY

Reading Vocabulary (Middle School):
synonyms
antonyms
homonyms
short stories
novel  
essays
poetry
plays
scripts
characterization
setting
plot
theme
cause and effect
compare / contrast
sequence
supporting details
informative
persuasive
fact / opinion
comparison
prefixes
suffixes
scan / skim
predictions
conclusions
generalizations
reflect
evaluate
real world issues
analyze
explain
foreshadowing
imagery
figurative language
similes
metaphors
personification
hyperbole
summarize
argument / supporting 
    details
expert opinion
testimonial
statistics
band wagon
bias
misinformation

		
Reading Vocabulary 
(High School):

Organizational Aids
•	bullets
•	bold face type
•	italics
•	indentation

Specialized Vocabulary
confirm/revise predictions
paraphrase
formulate opinion
word choice
style
content
excerpt
locate
evaluate
apply
realistic purpose
interpret
literal meaning
non-literal meaning
jargon
dialect
analyze
literary genres
characterization
setting
point-of-view
plot
  whole text
structure
  whole text
theme
conflict
resolution
symbolism
irony
analogies
figurative language
illustration
chart
list
table
graph
table of contents
index

		

glossary
heading
caption
cause and effect
compare and 
   contrast
sequence
generalization
persuasion
evidence
author’s position
argument
essential
    information
practical / work
     place materials
literary element
propaganda

Writing
(Middle / High School):
purpose
audience
suitable tone
voice
relevant elaboration
unity
coherence
context
transition
effective closure
concrete / sensory
    details 
documentation citing

Reflective Writing
Letter to Reviewer

Writing Process
prewriting
drafting
revising
editing
publishing

Personal Writing
memoir
personal essay
narrative
first person point of 
   view
dialogue
irony
anecdote
diagrams
                                 29 
Literary Writing
understatement
aside
metaphor
comedy
suspend
horror
parody

Transactive Writing
letters
speeches
editorials
articles
proposal
brochures

Math
(Middle School):
integers
fractions
decimals
percents
proportions
equivalent
two-dimensional
three-dimensional
data
organize
mean
median
outliner
cluster
stem / leaf
box / whiskers
variable
equation
estimate
positive
negative
per unit
rate of change
square roots
squaring
customary unit of  
    measure
metric unit
inverse
rate, time, and distance
scale drawing
graph bar
line plot
predict
model
multiples
prime numbers
composite numbers

factors – GCF
     LCD
convert order of 
  operations
commutative 
associative
distributive
rays, points, lines
angles, segments, plane
congruence
symmetry
similar
side
face
vertex
regular
irregular
perimeter
area
circumference
square

Math
(High School):
irrational numbers
arithmetic & geometric 
    sequences & series
matrices
reciprocals
absolute value
exponents
roots
factorials
scalar multiplication
explicit formula
combinations
permutations
identity
inverse
commutative
associative
distribute
closure
reflexive
symmetric
transitive
ratio
proportion
transformations
translations
rotations
reflections
dilations
between ness
parallelism
perpendicularly
linear pair
                                              30
vertical angles
supplementary angles
complimentary angles
corresponding angles
alternative angles
slope
trigonometry ratios
2-D
3-D
Pythagorean relationships
congruence

Physical Science:
Grades 5 through 7 (assessment at grade 7):
Properties and Changes of Matter

solid, liquid, gas (states of 
    matter)
freezing point
melting point
sublimation 
evaporation
condensation
physical properties 
   (density, boiling point,
solubility)
flammability

Chemical Properties 
compounds
chemical reactions
reactions
elements
electrons
protons
neutrons
subatomic particles
synthesis
decomposition 

Motions and Forces
Newton’s Laws of Motion
relative position
motion
speed
graph
inertia
force = mass x 
acceleration
action 
reaction 
force
simple machines
gravity 
friction

momentum
pressure
acceleration

Transfer of Energy
energy
heat
light
electricity
sound
transmission
refraction
absorption
scattering
reflection
electrical circuits

Earth and Space Science
lithosphere 
crust
mantle
dense core
plate tectonics
landforms
constructive forces
destructive forces
crustal deformation
volcanic eruption
deposition of  
   sediment
weathering 
erosion
lava
magna
rock cycle
  metamorphic
  sedimentary
  igneous
soil 
weathered rocks
decomposed 
    organic
    material
chemical 
   composition
texture
water cycle
evaporation 
condensation 
precipitation
run-off
transpiration
universal solvent
atmosphere
water vapor
                                   31
megasphere
troposphere
stratosphere
ionosphere
weather
climate
El’ Nino
La’ Nino
barometric pressure
front (cold & warm)
high pressure
low pressure
wind speed
temperature
hurricane
cyclone
tsunami
tornado
lightning
thunder 

Earth’s History
catastrophes
asteroid 
comets
fossils
ordivician
Jurassic
mold 
cast
trace
petrifaction

Earth in the Solar System
asteroids
comets
star
solar system
day 
rotation
year
phases of the moon
revolution
waxing
waning
cresant
gibbous
full
new
solar eclipse
lunar eclipse
penumbra
umbra
gravity
tides 
water cycles

winds
ocean currents
season

Structure and Functions in Living Systems
tilt
levels of organization
cells 
tissue
organs
systems
organisms (bacteria, 
  protists, fungi, plants,
  animals)
ecosystems
monerans
nucleus 
nucleolus
mitochondria
lysosomes
centrioles
ribosomes
endoplasmic reticulum
cytoplasm
chlorophyll
cell wall
cell
nuclear membrane
cells
single cells
multi-cellular
reproduction (mitosis,
   meiosis)
specialized cells

Regulation and Behavior
adaptation
survival of the fittest
internal stimulus
environmental stimulus
behavioral response

Reproduction and Heredity
reproduction
asexually
sexually
sex cells
egg
sperm
genes
chromosomes
heredity
punic square
32
probability
dominant
recessive
allele
homogeneous
heterogeneous
phenotype
genotype

Diversity and Adaptations
 of Organisms
biological evolution
adaptation
survival
extinction

Populations and Ecosystems
population
biotic factors
ecosystem
plants
microorganisms
producers
consumers
decomposers
food webs
transfer of energy
sunlight
chemical energy
photosynthesis
carrying capacity
limiting factors
abiotic factors
biotic
prey 
predators
populations
niches
symbiotic factors
comensalism
mutualism
parasitism
parasitic host
competition
scientific method
purpose
research

Science-Process
(High School):
hypothesis
testable
theory
technique
logic
evidence
investigation

empirical
conceptual
skepticism
subject to change
  (adj.)
natural hazard
local issue
national issue
global issue

Physical Science 
(High School):
matter
atoms
properties
mass
electrical charge
nucleus
electrons
electric force
protons
neutrons
isotopes
element
nuclear distances
nuclear forces
particles
energy
atomic interactions
fission
fusion
nuclei
temperature
pressure
star
chemical property
physical property
periodic table
bond
transferred electron
shared electron
compound
constituent
solid
liquid
gas
rigid
conducting
insulating
semi-conducting
superconductors
resistance
flow of electrons
cell
chemical reaction
released energy
consume energy
concentration
temperature       33
catalysts
net force
motion
Laws of Motion
gravity
universal force
exerts
electrical force
charges
repel
magnetism
electromagnetic
electrical motors
generators
kinetic energy
field
heat
manifestation
random
vibrations
ions
molecule
atomic motion
universe
waves
sound
seismic
frequency
relative motion
radio waves
microwaves
infrared radiation
visible light
ultraviolet radiation
X-rays
gamma rays
accelerated
charged object
Earth
internal energy
external energy
Sun
primary
decay
radioactive isotopes
gravitational energy
convection
circulation
mantle
crustal plates
atmosphere
ocean currents
global climate
dynamic process
rotation
static conditions
mountain ranges
geo chemical 
reservoirs
organisms
limestone
carbon
carbonate
carbon dioxide

Earth Science (High School):
techniques
estimate
nebular
dust
eruptions
time scale
evidence
bacteria
evolution
composition
oxygen
nitrogen
“Big Bang”
dense 
density
analogous
generation (1)
generation (2)

Life Science
(High School):
membrane
concentrated
mixture
constituents
synthesize
protein
catalysts
enzymes
functions (n)
regulation 
expressions of genes
coordinate
plant
chloroplasts
photosynthesis
microorganisms
solar
environment
multi-cellular
specialized
tissues
organs
nervous system digestive system
secrete
animal
monitor
behavior         34
behavioral
innate
learned
stimulus
species
genus
family, order, phylum
evolve, evolution
natural selection
reproductive 
success
adaptive logic
germ
virus
nucleic acid
heredity
encoded
replicate
transmission (genetic)
trait
chromosome
sexual, asexual
offspring
female
male
gamete
chromosome pair
DNA
mutations
spontaneous
germ cell
potential
variation
finite
niche
ancestors
descendants
biological classifications
hierarchy
subgroups
fundamental
analysis
chemical process
cycle (water, nitrogen)
ecosystems
herbivores
carnivores
decomposers
cooperate (ecological)
compete (ecological)
interrelationship
interdependency
populations
prediction
human being
deliberate
inadvertent

dynamic, dynamics
  global stability
irreversible
living systems
derive
tendency
disorganized state
covalent
absorb
   sugar, fat, etc.
   phosphate, 
   carbonate, 
   etc.
ATP, ADP
cellular respiration
communities
dissipation
conservation

Social Studies
(Middle & High School):
*Denotes the content which is to be covered at both levels. High School 
content would be more challenging 
democratic
    principles*
justice*
equality*
responsibility*
freedom*
totalitarian*
citizens*
historical *
    documents*
economic systems * compare revenues
     (HS)
economic  
    institutions * stock (HS)
supply and
    demand*
mandates (HS)
laws and 
    government*
citizen 
    responsibilities*
markets & 
     mandates   (HS) 
financial 
     cooperatives *

35
monarchies (HS) incentives (HS) dictatorship (HS)
production, 
   distribution,
   & consumption (MS) constituents (HS)
checks and balances
    (HS)
economic principles* individual rights (HS)
productive resources*
opportunity cost*
scarcity of resources*
entrepreneur *
physical features (MS)
resources   (MS)
migrate   (MS)
gender   (MS)
race   (MS)
secondary sources (MS)
artifacts   (MS)
time lines (MS)
Reconstruction   (MS)
natural resources (MS)
“great convergence”*
agrarianism*
civilizations and 
    empires*
Feudalism*
nation states*
investments*
interdependence*
economic sanctions*
environmental &
     humanitarian issues*
centralization vs. 
     dispersion*
urban areas*
markets & industry*
human migration*
primary resources*
cause and effect*
multiple causation*
global effects*
Progressive Movement*
Imperialism*
Isolationism*
Capitalism*
urbanization*
political corruption*
alliances*
globalization of the 
    economy*

Arts & Humanities
(Middle School):
Art Elements
line 
shape
color
space
value
form
texture

Design Elements:
repetition
pattern
balance
symmetry
asymmetry
emphasis
contrast
rhythm
proportion
movement

Media Elements:
two-dimensional
three-dimensional

Subject Matter Elements:
landscape
portrait
still life
abstract
non-objective

Cultural Elements
ritual
nature
expressive
impressionism
realism
narrative
Renaissance
19th century
Naturalism

Drama Elements
plot development
rising action
turning point
falling action
suspense
theme
language
empathy
make-up
motivation
36
discovery
setting
mood

Production:
staging
scenery
props
thrust
lighting
sound
costumes
proscenium

Performance 
breath control
diction
body alignment

Theater 
director
actor
playwright
actress
designer

Dance 
space
time
force
locomotor
athletic
pedestrian
body alignment-landing
balance
elevation

Music 
rhythm
tempo
melody
harmony
form
timbre
dynamics
voice

Cultural 
styles of music
jazz
ballads
operas
spiritual
Broadway

Time Periods:
Renaissance

Baroque
Classical
Romantic
20th Century

Literature Elements:
plot
character
setting
point of view
language & style

Arts & Humanities (High School)
Art Elements:
color / color theory
primary & 
    secondary hues
values
intensity
color relationship

Design 
balance
symmetry
asymmetry
emphasis
pattern
repetition
unity
contrast
variety
movement
rhythm
proportion
transition
gradation

Media
aesthetic
two-dimensional
three-dimensional
portrait
landscape
still life
abstract
non-objective

Cultures / Periods / Styles:
Modern /
      Contemporary
American
European
Latin American

37
Purposes:
persuasive
formalist

Drama Elements:
exposition
development
climax
reversal
sensory call 
denouement
soliloquy
character (protagonist &
     antagonist)
symbolism
foreshadowing
dialogue
monologue
ensemble
body
voice
script

Cultural 
improvised / informal
rehearsed / formal
style
setting
costume
movement
language
stage directions

Dance Elements:
costumes
lighting
props
scenery
choreography

Choreography
theme
variation
rondo
round 
narrative

Social
fox trot
waltz
jitterbug
cha-cha

Cultural
recreational
ceremonial

Music Elements:
overture
sonata
symphonic
opermelodic motif
compose
perform
improvise grand staff
treble clef
bass clef

Cultural Elements:
recreational
ceremonial
artistic expression
patriotic songs
protest songs

Literature Elements:
plot
character
setting
point of view
language
theme
irony
symbol

Genres:
novels
short stories
plays 
poetry
essays 
biographies

Practical Living Vocational Studies
Middle and High School: 
financial mgt. strategies
      conflict-resolution
longevity
benefits
human life 
     cycle/reproduction
emotional health
abstinence
metabolism 
cardiovascular
endurance
STD’s
self-assessment
coordination
offensive
diet
incidence
seizures     38             
alternatives                
defensive
transmission
counseling
mental illness
economy
body systems
short/long term consequences
prevention
intervention
peer pressure
communicable diseases 
non-communicable
    diseases
coping diseases
personal illnesses
harassment
budgeting
financing
nutrients
resources
overindulgence
logical
sequential
locomotor
non-locomotor
transitional
analysis
excessive
refinement
techniques
consumer

		

                                    

Clue Words	Action Required	
Analyze	Means to find the main ideas and show how they are related and why they are important	
Comment
     On     √	Means to discuss, criticize, or explain its meanings as completely as possible.	
Compare√	Means to show both the similarities and differences	
Contrast √	Means to compare by showing differences.	
Criticize √	Means to give your judgment or reasoned opinion or something showing its good and bad points. It is not necessary to attack it.	
Define √	Means to give the formal meaning by distinguishing it from related terms.  This is often a matter of giving a memorized definition.	
Describe √	Means to write a detailed account or verbal picture in a logical sequence or story form.	
Diagram	Means to make a graph, chart, or drawing. Be sure you label it and add a brief explanation if it is needed.
	
Discuss 	Means to describe giving the details and explaining the pros and cons of it.	
Enumerate	Means to list the main ideas one by one. Number them	
Evaluate	Means to give your opinion, or some expert’s opinion of the truth or importance of the concept. Tell the advantages and disadvantages	
Illustrate	Means to explain or make it clear by concrete examples, comparisons, or analogies.	
Interpret	Means to give the meaning using examples and personal comments to make it clear.	
                                                                             39                                                      
                       Most Often Used Clue Words           

                                                                                

Clue Words	Action Required	
Justify	Means to give statement as to why you think it is so. Give reasons for your statements or conclusions	
List  √	Means to produce a numbered list of words, sentences, or comments. Same as enumerate.	
Outline	Means to give a general summary. It should contain a series of main ideas supported by secondary ideas. Omit minor details. Show the organization of the ideas.
	
Prove	Means to show by argument or logic that it is true.  The word “prove” has a very special meaning in mathematics and physics.
	
Relate	Means to show the connections between things telling how one causes or is like another.
	
Review	Means to give a survey or summary in which you look at the important parts and criticize where needed.	
State	Means to describe the main points in precise terms. Be formal. Use brief clear sentences. Omit details or examples.	
Summarize	Means to give brief, condensed account of the main ideas. Omit details and examples.	
Trace	Means to follow the progress or history of the subject.	
                                                                           40

					

                    

    

              

                                                        41

          Twelve Words That Trip-Up
                     the at Risk Students on
                  Standardized Test

Trace
	Copy, Outline, Follow, Follow The Path Of, Draw A Line Over, Draw, Go Over, Follow From The Beginning, Sketch, Map Out
	
Explain 
	Tell Why, Give Reasons, Give Details, Tell Me About It, Show in Writing, What Is The Problem? 
	
Analyze

	Piece By Piece, Take It Apart, Break Down, Figure It Out, Study, Look At, Examine, Look At Closely, Study, Investigate, Consider, Question, Probe, Explore
	
Summarize 
	Important Information (Stuff), Brief Description, List Many Points, Wrap It Up, Pull It All Together, Short Version, Important Details, Shorten, Put In Your Own Words, Retell In Order, Recall, Sum Up 
	
Infer
	What Do You Really Mean, Hint, Read Between The Lines, Fill In The Blanks, Suggest, Conclude, Decide The Meaning Of, What Is Your Opinion? What Does This Make You 
Think?, Make Connections, Connect, Believe, Understand, Take For Granted 

 

					
Compare 

	How Are They Alike, Same, Similar, Check For Likeness, What Do They Have In Common? Match Up To, Judge Against
Judge, Bread It Down	
Evaluate 
	Grade, Rank, Test, Assess, 
Score, Rate, Review Performance, What Is Good or Bad, Judge The Quality,	
Contrast 
	How Are They Different, Opposite, Unalike, Check For Differences, Stand Out Against 	
Formulate 
	Plan, Make It, Put it Together, Put To This, Add Up, Create, Develop, Build, Come Up With, Invent, Construct, Prepare, Originate 
	
Predict 

	Make A Guess, Tell What You Think, What Will Happen Next?, Outcome, Well Why This Will Happen, Forecast, Future, Foretell, Expect, See Coming
	
Support 

	Prove It, Explain Why, Back Up, Give Me Reasons, Help, Assist, Give Facts, Use Examples From
	
Describe	Tell about it, Paint a Picture With Words, What Does It Look Like, Tell What, Tell More, List Attributes, Illustrate, Show	
                                                                 42

How Can We make These 12 Words A Part of the “At Risk “ Vocabulary	
  Every Teacher
	Lesson Plans, Use During Instruction, Evaluation From Administration, Use Overhead, Call And Response, Use Every Day In Class, Cueing, Testing, Insist Students Use Them, Post On Classroom Walls, Homework, Use Frequently on Tests, Use in Everyday Conversation, Visual Aids, Charts, Flash Cards, Invents Songs, Rhymes, and Poems, Use in Journal Writing, Themes, Spelling and Vocabulary Words, Buddy Checks, Walk the Walk	
Every School

	Web Sites, Posters, School Folders, Use At Assemblies, 
School Newsletters, Bulletin Boards, Focus Word of the Week, Parent Conferences, Post On T.V. Station (district), Power Verb of The Week, Recognize Students Who Successfully Use the Words, Request Cafeteria Workers and other Staff Use the Words, Involve Local Media, FRYSC Involvement, Teacher Awareness Activities (PD),	
Parent 
Involvement
	Handouts For PTA, Open House, Parent Handbook, Flash Cards, Web Page, Calendar With Word of The Month, Make Games To Send Home, Hotline, Have Volunteers Model Words, E-Mail, Word Bingo, Post On Marquee, FRYSC Involvement	
                                                                 43
                Bloom’s Taxonomy		
Competence	Skills Demonstrated	
Knowledge 	•	observation and recall of information 
•	knowledge of dates, events, places 
•	knowledge of major ideas 
•	mastery of subject matter 
•	Question Cues:
list, define, tell, describe, identify, show, label, collect, examine, tabulate, quote, name, who, when, where, etc. 	
Comprehension	•	understanding information 
•	grasp meaning 
•	translate knowledge into new context 
•	interpret facts, compare, contrast 
•	order, group, infer causes
•	predict consequences
•	Question Cues: summarize, describe, interpret, contrast, predict, associate, distinguish, estimate, differentiate, discuss, extend	
 Application	•	use information 
•	use methods, concepts, theories in new situation/s 
•	solve problems using required skills or knowledge 
•	Questions Cues: 
apply, demonstrate, calculate, complete, illustrate, show, solve,  examine, modify, relate, change, classify, experiment, discover	
44

                                    

                                      

                                                                                   45
Competence	Skills Demonstrated	
Analysis

	•	seeing patterns 
•	organization of parts 
•	recognition of hidden meanings 
•	identification of components 
•	Question Cues:
analyze, separate, order, explain, connect, classify, arrange, divide, compare, select, explain, infer	
Synthesis	•	use old ideas to create new ones 
•	generalize from given facts 
•	relate knowledge from several areas 
•	predict, draw conclusions 
•	Question Cues:
combine, integrate, modify, rearrange, substitute, plan, create, design, invent, what if?, compose, formulate, prepare, generalize, rewrite 	
Evaluation	•	compare and discriminate between ideas 
•	assess value of theories, presentations 
•	make choices based on reasoned argument 
•	verify value of evidence 
•	recognize subjectivity 
•	Question Cues
assess, decide, rank, grade, test, measure, recommend, convince, select, judge, explain, discriminate, support, conclude, compare, summarize